If you’re helping a family member immigrate to the U.S., the first step often involves filing Form I-130. This petition helps prove a valid family relationship exists. It’s the foundation for bringing a relative into the country legally.
Understanding the I-130 form
Form I-130, also called the Petition for Alien Relative, starts the process of family-based immigration. As the petitioner, you’re asking the U.S. government to recognize your relationship with your relative. You’ll need to submit proof like birth certificates, marriage records, or adoption papers.
The form also asks for your immigration status, the type of relationship you have, and your relative’s details. U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents can file an I-130, but the wait time may differ depending on your status and the relationship.
Steps after filing the petition
Once you file the I-130 with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), you’ll receive a receipt notice. USCIS may request additional evidence if something’s missing. After that, they’ll either approve or deny the petition.
If it’s approved, your relative must then apply for a green card through consular processing or adjustment of status. USCIS forwards the case to the National Visa Center if your relative is outside the U.S. If your relative is in the country, they may file Form I-485.
Common issues and delays
Mistakes on the form or missing documents can slow things down. Make sure you double-check everything before submitting. Also, some relationships have annual limits, which means wait times may stretch for years.
Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens usually move faster, while siblings and adult children may face longer delays. USCIS processing times also vary by service center and workload.
Keeping your case on track
To stay updated, use your receipt number to check your case status online. Respond quickly if USCIS asks for more information. Staying organized and prepared helps prevent delays.
Form I-130 starts the path for your family member to live legally in the U.S. Understanding how it works helps you avoid delays and common mistakes. With careful preparation, you can help your loved one move one step closer to a green card.
